Every quarter we send you a copy of the forms we’ve filed, and it’s normal for them to raise questions: what each one is, why the amount is what it is. Here’s a quick reference.
Note: forms starting with 1 relate to IRPF and withholdings, those starting with 2 relate to Corporate Tax, and those starting with 3 relate to VAT.
All the forms, at a glance
| Form | What it declares | Frequency | Filed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 111 | Withholdings on employees and professionals | Quarterly | April, July, October and January |
| 115 | Withholdings on rent | Quarterly | April, July, October and January |
| 200 | Corporate Tax (annual settlement) | Annual | July |
| 202 | Corporate Tax installment payments | 3 times a year | April, October and December |
| 303 | Quarterly VAT return | Quarterly | April, July, October and January |
| 390 | Annual VAT summary (informational) | Annual | January |
| 180 | Annual summary of rent withholdings (informational) | Annual | January |
| 190 | Annual summary of withholdings on employees and professionals (informational) | Annual | January |
| 347 | Transactions with third parties > €3,005.06 (informational) | Annual | February |
| 232 | Related-party transactions and tax havens (informational) | Annual, only if it applies | Varies, we’ll let you know if it applies to you |
| 349 | Intra-community transactions (informational) | Monthly, quarterly or annual depending on volume | Varies, we’ll let you know if it applies to you |
Below is the detail on each one: what it means, where the amount comes from, and when it doesn’t affect you.
Modelo 111: withholdings on employees and professionals
This is the quarterly return for the withholdings that you, as the payer, apply to your employees’ payslips (if you have any) and to invoices from other professionals who bill you with a withholding applied (for example, another self-employed worker or a lawyer). That money isn’t yours: you’ve deducted it from that person’s payment and you pay it to Hacienda on their behalf. If you have no employees and receive no invoices with withholding, this doesn’t affect you.
Modelo 115: withholdings on rent
Similar to Modelo 111 but only for rent: if your business pays rent for premises or an office, you have to withhold 19% of that rent and declare it here every quarter. This only applies if you rent business premises. If you work from home, or your landlord is a company exempt from withholding (such as some SOCIMIs), this doesn’t affect you.
Modelo 200: Corporate Tax (annual)
This is the final settlement of Corporate Tax (Impuesto de Sociedades), equivalent to Modelo 100 for individuals but for the company: it starts from the year’s accounting result, applies the tax adjustments (non-deductible expenses, depreciation, offsetting negative bases from previous years) and calculates the final amount owed on that base. This is where you see whether what was paid via Modelo 202 during the year matches what was actually owed. It’s filed in July of the following year.
Modelo 202: Corporate Tax installment payments
This is the equivalent of Modelo 130 but for SLs: a payment on account of Corporate Tax filed in April, October and December. Unlike Modelo 130, it isn’t always mandatory from the first year, it depends on the amount owed in the last Modelo 200 return; many newly created SLs are exempt in their first years because there’s no prior reference amount yet.
Modelo 303: quarterly VAT return
This compares the VAT you’ve charged on your issued invoices with the VAT you’ve paid on your expenses and purchases. If output VAT is higher than input VAT, you pay the difference; if it’s the other way round, it carries over to offset future quarters or, in the last quarter of the year, you can request a refund.
Informational forms:
Modelo 390: annual VAT summary - informational form
This is informational only, nothing extra is paid when filing it. It gathers and reconciles the four quarterly Modelo 303 returns for the year, and is filed in January of the following year.
Modelo 180: annual summary of rent withholdings - informational form
This is the annual close-out of Modelo 115: it gathers and reconciles the four quarters of the year into a single summary. It’s filed in January. If any quarter’s Modelo 115 had an error, this is usually where the discrepancy shows up.
Modelo 190: annual summary of withholdings on employees and professionals - informational form
This is the annual equivalent of Modelo 111: it brings together the four quarters of the year, and unlike Modelo 111 (which uses aggregate amounts), this one breaks it down recipient by recipient: who was paid what and how much was withheld. It’s also filed in January, and the figures must match exactly with the sum of the year’s four Modelo 111 returns.
Modelo 232: related-party transactions and tax havens - informational form
This is an informational return that only applies when there are transactions between the SL and its partners or directors above certain amounts, for example, if a partner rents out premises to their own company, lends it money, or sells it an asset. It also covers transactions with countries or territories considered tax havens. Hacienda uses it to check that these transactions were valued at market price and weren’t used to artificially shift profit between the partner and the company. Most small SLs without this kind of transaction never reach the thresholds that require filing it.
Modelo 347: return of transactions with third parties - informational form
This is informational, nothing is paid: you declare which clients or suppliers exceeded €3,005.06 across the whole year (adding up all invoices with that person or company). It isn’t a withholding or a tax in itself, it’s a data cross-check Hacienda uses to verify that what you declare as an expense matches what the other party declares as income, and vice versa. It’s filed in February.
Modelo 349: return of intra-community transactions - informational form
This is an informational return (nothing extra is paid) covering purchases and sales of goods or services with companies in other EU countries registered in the ROI (Register of Intra-Community Operators). It only affects you if you invoice European suppliers or clients. If all your business is domestic, you don’t file it. How often it’s filed (monthly, quarterly or annually) depends on the volume of those transactions.
Where the numbers come from
All of these forms are built from your income and expense ledger, which in turn comes from the invoices you issue and receive. That’s why we insist you send us every invoice, not just the ones that seem relevant to you. Any expense without an invoice can’t enter the calculation.
If a particular quarter’s amount surprises you, ask us directly about that form: we can always break down where the figure comes from.
Got a question about one of these?
Email us, no strings attached, at contacto@asesoriamadal.es and we’ll explain it.